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Using a VPN is a terrific way to shield your internet traffic when you're traveling, but it is not a solution for encrypting your local files. .
When the FBI needed information from the San Bernardino shot's iPhone, they asked Apple to get a back door to get past the encryption. However, no such back door existed, and Apple refused to make one. The FBI needed to hire hackers to get into the phone.
Why wouldn't Apple help Since the moment a back door or comparable hack exists, it becomes a goal, a decoration for the poor guys. It will leak sooner or later. In a talk at Black Hat this past summer, Apple's Ivan Krstic disclosed that the company has done something similar in their cryptographic servers.
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Apple can't update them, but the bad guys can't get in either. .
Back in the day, in the event that you wanted to maintain a document secret you could use a cipher to encrypt it and then burn the original. Or you could lock it up in a safe. The two main methods in encryption utilities parallel with those options.
One sort of product simply processes files and folders, turning them into impenetrable encrypted versions of these. The other creates a virtual disc that, when open, behaves like any other drive on your system. When you lock the virtual drive, all the files you put into it's completely inaccessible. .
Similar to the digital drive solution, some products store your encrypted data in the cloud. This strategy requires extreme caution, obviously. Encrypted information in the cloud has a much larger attack surface than encrypted data on your own PC.
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Which is better It really depends on how you plan to use encryption. If you're not sure, take advantage of the 30-day free trial offered by each of these products to get a feel for the different options.
After you copy a file into secure storage, or create an encrypted version of it, you absolutely need to wipe the unencrypted original. Just deleting it isn't sufficient, even if you bypass the Recycle Bin, because the data still exists on disc, and data retrieval utilities can often return back. .
Some encryption products prevent this issue by encrypting the document in place, literally overwriting it on disk with an encrypted version. It's more common, though, to provide safe deletion as an option. If you select something that lacks this feature, you should find a free secure deletion tool to use along with it. .
Overwriting data before deletion is sufficient to balk software-based recovery tools. Hardware-based forensic retrieval functions since the magnetic recording of information on a hard drive isn't actually digital. It is more of a waveform. In simple terms, the process involves nulling out the known data and reading around the edges of what is left.
An encryption algorithm is similar to a black box. Dump a document, image, or other file into it, and you get back what sounds like gibberish. Run that gibberish back via the box, using the same password, and you get back the original.
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The U.S. government has depended on Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) as a standard, and every one of the merchandise accumulated here support AES. Even those that support other algorithms tend to recommend using AES.
If you are an encryption specialist, you might want another algorithm, Blowfish, perhaps, or the Soviet government's GOST. For the average consumer, however, AES is just fine.
Passwords are important, and you must keep them confidential, right Well, not when you use Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) cryptography.
With PKI, you get two keys. One is public; you can share it with anyone, register it in a key exchange, tattoo it on your Web Site foreheadwhatever you like. The other is private, and should be closely guarded. If I want to send you a secret document, I just encrypt it with your public key.
Simple! .
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Using this program in reverse, you can make a digital signature which proves your document came from you and hasn't been altered. How Just encrypt it with your private key. The fact your public key decrypts it is all of the evidence you need. PKI support is less common than service for traditional symmetric algorithms. .
If you want to share a document with someone and your encryption tool doesn't support PKI, there are other options for sharing. Many products enable creation of a self-decrypting executable file. You may also find that the recipient can use a complimentary, decryption-only tool.